Air propulsion



L. G. DAVIES AIR PROPULSION Sept. 17; 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 4, 1956 Sept- 17, l1957 G. DAvEs 2,806,418 v AIR PRoPULSIoN Filed May 4. 1956 Y 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 A t torne 31s' Sept W, WS? G. oAvEs 2,806,43

AIR PRoPULsIoN Filed May 4, 1956 s sheets-sheet 3 L. G. DAVIES AIR PROPULSION Sept. 17, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 4. 1956 III Sept. 17, 1957 4 G. DAvEs 2,805,418

AIR PRPULSION Fed may 4. 1956 a sheets-sheet s L.. G. DAvEs AIR PRoPULSIoN Sept. 17, 1957 `6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed May 4. 1956 By 2 I Attorney United States Patent (3F AIR PROPULSION Leonard Gordon Davies, Great Bookham, England Application May 4, 1956, Serial No. 582,829

2 Claims. (Cl. 98-33) The invention relates to an apparatus for ventilating an enclosed space such as a room or building. This application is a continuation-impart of my application Serial No. 335,675., filed February 9, 1953, for Air Propulsion and now abandoned.

It is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus which may be fitted to a hole or window in the wall enclosing the space and which provides for delivery of air into the space to be ventilated and the extraction of air in equal quantity from the said space. It is a further object of the invention to provide such an apparatus in which a single mpellor is located within a single housing provided with apertures such that airstreams are driven through the casing in opposite directions. In this way efiicient ventilation without draughts from extraneous sources is possible. It is a further feature of the invention to provide means for adjusting as desired the proportion between the entrant and extracted air Streams to provide for particular conditions of ventilation.

The invention includes as an essential feature an apparatus for ventilating an enclosed space comprising a housing having four apertures divided into two groups with each aperture lying in a diiferent quadrant of a cylinder, the apertures of each group being opposed with a line through their centres intersecting the cylinder axis at different levels, and an mpellor mounted in said housing on an axis lying in a plane passing between said centres, whereby one aperture of each group constitutes an inlet and the other aperture an outlet for two Streams of air drawn through said casing by said mpellor. The invention also comprises a ventilator for producing simultaneous inward and outward currents of air through a wall opening, comprising a housing, a single axial flow mpellor rotatably mounted in said casing, two nlets and two outlets in said casing arranged in staggered opposed pairs with the axis passing through one inlet and one outlet in one pair being set screwwise to the axis of said mpellor.

The cylinder above referred to in the location of the apertures may be the actual wall of the housing when a cylindrical housing is employed. However the invention is also applicable with housings of a shape other than cylindrical e. g. spherical or square and in such cases the cylinder is an imaginary circumscribed or inscribed cylinder which defines geometrically the position of the apertures.

Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings which show as follows:

Figure l is a diagrammatic view showing the relationship between the mpellor, the mpellor axis and the apertures of the housing;

Figure 2 is an embodirnent of the invention utilising a square housing in which the mpellor is mounted on a slotted division plate;

Figure 3 is a section showing the apparatus illustrated in Figure 2 with the front half of the housing removed;

Figure 4 is a form of apparatus having a cylindrical housing and having the mpellor mounted on a slotted 2 division plate or partition which is rotatable within the housing;

Figure 5 is a sectionof the apparatus shown in Figure 4 the front half of the housing being removed;

Figure 6 is aform of apparatus having a cylindrical housing with a fixed slotted division plate or partition, the casing being rotatably mounted in the wall enclosing the space to be ventilated.

Figure 7 is a section of the apparatus shown in Figure 6 the front half of the housing vbeing omitted;

Figure 8 is a form of apparatus having a cylindrical housing but no division plate, the mpellor being mounted on a carrier which is rotatable within the housing;

Figure 9 is a section of the form of apparatus shown in Figure 8, the front half of the casing being omitted;

Figure 10 is an illustration of an embodiment in which the housing is spherical and` there is provided a slotted division plate upon which the mpellor is mounted which divison plate is rotatable within the housng;

Figure 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of Figure 10; and i i Figures 12 and`l3 are views of an apparatus identical with that shown in Figures 10 and 11 but having an eX- ternal cowl and deflecting rib;

In Figures 1 to 11 the device is seen from inside the space to be ventilated, whilst in Figures 12 and 13 it is viewed from outside..

Referring now to Figure 1 the apparatus comprises as its essential elements a shaft 1 upon which is mounted an mpellor 2 surrounded by a housing having four apertures 3, 4, 5 and 6. Each aperture lies in a different quadrant of a cylinder diagramrnatically shown at 7 the two apertures of each group being opposed with a line through their centres intersecting the axis of the cylinder 7 at different levels and the mpellor 2 being mounted in said housing on an axis (i. e. the shaft 1) lying in a plane passing between the lines` between the center of each of the apertures 3, 4 and 5, 6 so that one aperture of each group constitutes an inlet and the other aperture an outlet for streams of air drawn through the said casing by said mpellor. In the figure air extracted passes in the direction of the arrows A into the housing through the aperture 3 and leaves the housing through the aperture 4 in the direction of the arrows B, whilst fresh air from the outside enters the housing through the aperture 5 in the direction of the arrows C, and leaves the housing through the aperture 6 in the direction of the arrows D.

Referring now to Figures 2 and 3 the apparatus comprises a square housing 9 having a projecting diagonal rib 10, with a projecting flange 12, drilled to receive screws 11, by which the housing is secured to the wall dividing the internal space to be ventilated from the outside air. Located within the housing 9 is a fixed division plate 14 which is slotted at 15 and upon which is mounted an mpellor 2 and the driving motor 16 therefor, the impellor blades passing through the slot 15 in the division plate 14. Air is drawn into the housing through the apertures 3 and 5 and emerges from the housing through the apertures 4 and 6, as described for Figure l. Consequently the single mpellor 2 provides equal inward and outward ventilation. The apertures 3, 4, 5, 6 are formed by stamping the housing to form a guard grating.

Referring to Figures 4 and 5 the housing 9 is cylindrical and has a projecting rib 10 and side flange 12 as in Figure 2. Within the casing there is rotatably mounted a division plate 14 upon which is mounted the mpellor 2 the blades of which pass through a slot 15 in the division plate 14, rotatably mounted in the housing 9, and having an adjusting tab 16, extending through a slot 17 in the housing. The device when in the position shown in Figure 4 with the tab 16 in the middle of the slot 17 provides equal inward and -outward ventilation air being 4 i Patented Sept.f17,- 1957 1 Referring to Figures 6 and 7 the housing and impellor.v 2:

arezsiin'lar tothosezillustratedfinvFiguresM andS butithe division plate 1'4; is? stationary'within' the? casing;A Thei housirgt9fihas trunnions' 18: which support itv within: the

ribiL 11);L and. carries..athandle19. by: which: the: housing. 9`

may be'xrotated on the trunnions': 183 Tti'e housingcan accordingly be rotated so that the inlet': apertures 3 and.

5:`or1 the.: outletv apertures 41: and; 61 may; b'othV be brought within the space: to be: ventilated' so` that all the air. passing. throughi the. casin'g'.4 may.` betv extracted from. the

space; or'allaadmittedto the space wlien' it is,not\.desired to provide equal'l inward and:V outwardi ventilation;

Referring: to- Figures. 8`Vv andi 9:"the housing' 91* and impellor 211 are' broadly-'theA same as; thosefishown in Figures 4" andf 5.' but there: is no' division. plate: andthei motor` for the'fan': is. carried'by a twotarrnedspider'20; mounted on a: frame* 21: rotatably mounte'dwithin; the housing on trunnions 22 andh'aving'. an: externallyfprojecting.tab 23 extending-through the: slots' 17V rinthe casing. Withthe tab 23 in the position shown in Figure 8 nward and outward ventilationare equal but adjustment. maybe provided by moving the tab 23% alongz'the.* slot". 17 3 Referring to Figures 10 and'11 the:casing 9 is spherical and' amounting'rib' 10 is securedto the casingtoprovide that' the apparatus* may be attached to; a': hole in the partition or wall bounding the space: to?A be ventilated. TheL casing. has at slotted division'plate 114 fiupon' which the impellor^2 and its driving: motor are mountedythe impiellor blades'passing: through' the` slot 15: in'- the, division plate 141 The:divisionplatefisrotatalilymountedl Within the: casing: and hasfian externallyiprojeetingtab. 161 which When the tab is in the: position:y shown* in: Figure 10 provides equal inward andioutward ventilation: Byxmoving theatah the proportions' between. thek inwardly and outwardly directed, airstream .ma-y;v b'e variedv Referring, to Figures 12' and-131ther-apparatuscomprises a spherical housing and is generally identical with the apparatus. shown in Figures 10 and 11 but thev division. plate 14 is fixed with the additional provision of an external cowl. The apparatus is however viewed from the outside and is shown in a slightly different rotational position. The rib 10 is drilled to accommodate the fixing screws 11 and there are provided an external gasket 24 and a cowl or weather shield 25 mounted on a drilled ring 26, secured to the housing 10 by the screws 11. In order to ensure that air leaving the housing 10 to the exterior is not deflected by the cowl 25 back into the housing through the aperture 5, it is advantageous to attach to the cowl 25 and ring 2.6,.a dividing plate 27; which prevents such short circuiting by the cowl into the other aperture through which air is drawn from the outside.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for ventilating an enclosed space comprising a housing having four apertures divided into two groups with eachV aperture lying inV a. different' quadrant of a cylinder, the. apertures of each group beingopposed with a line. through their centers intersecting'thecylinder axis at: different levels, and an impellor mounted in said'- housing on an axis lying in a plane passing betweenth'e' lines-between said centers,.whereby-one apertureofieaeh groupiconstitutes -aninlet and the other aperture a'noutlet for two=streams of air drawn through said. housingbyy saidimp'ellor.

2. vertilator'` for producingsirnultaneousinwardtandi outward.l currerts` of air through a' Wall opening, compris'- ing.V a housing, av single axial fiow impellor. rotatablyf mounted-in said housing; two inlets and` two outletsim` said housing arranged in staggered opposed pairs with; they axispassing. through one inlet` andoutlet in' or'ep'air! beingset skeW-Wise to the: axis'ofsaid impellor.

References-Ched in the-iileof thispatent UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 1,050,994. Ostrander Jan. 21,, 19`13. 2,212,050d Samuelson Aug. 20,1940`1* 2405,411 Dybvig Aug. 6, 19.'46" 

